If you are suffering from nocturnal itching, then it is only normal you are interested in finding out more information on the subject. First of all, there are two possible situations. In the first case, you have probably noticed the itchy spots on your skin, along with dryness and other similar symptoms. In the second situation, you have the feeling of itching but there are no obvious changes or spots on the skin. Either way, itching at night is not pleasant and it is something we have all experienced, at least once in our lives.

The itching at night is one of the most uncomfortable sensations. You feel like something is literally crawling on your skin and you can forget all about sleeping. Sometimes, the sensation is diffuse and you cannot pinpoint its exact location. Other times, it is localized down to a specific spot. The skin might present rashes, cracks, bumps or even blisters. What you need to know is that there are many diseases, including systemic and dermatological that can cause and aggravate night itching. Often times, the quality of life is affected, as you cannot properly sleep and rest.

Possible Causes of Itching at Night

Itching at Night

These are the most common external factors that can lead to the appearance of night pruritus:

• Insect bites – insects, bed bugs, ticks and fleas can make your skin itch at night
• Hot showers – exposing your skin to hot temperatures can cause it to be dry and cracked; plus, you will be taking all the natural oils from the skin and favor itching to appear
• Hard water – in order to prevent itching in such situations, it is recommended that you use cream-based soaps and natural moisturizers
• Allergic reaction – one can have allergic reactions not only to foods and medication but also to the clothing fabrics and bed sheets materials

These are the most common internal factors that can lead to the appearance of night pruritus:

• Thyroid disease – hyperthyroidism or Grave’s disease can lead to the skin becoming thicker and itching
• Kidney failure – this can be fatal and it requires emergency treatment. The itching appears because of the low levels of calcium and the high level of phosphorus in the blood
• Liver disease – the acids produced by the liver are delivered into the bloodstream and from there into the skin, causing itching
• Menopause – women go through hormonal changes and they experience low estrogen levels. As you probably know, estrogen is responsible for the regulation of skin moisture
• Fungal infection – different types of fungi can causes itching to appear at night
• Cancer – different types of cancer, including lymphoma and leukemia can lead to night pruritus
• Sexually transmitted diseases
• Anemia
• Hemorrhoids
• Anxiety and stress
• Diabetes
• Pregnancy
• Shingles

The underlying mechanism why the skin itches at night is not yet completely understood. Some studies have shown that if the circadian rhythm of itch mediators is disrupted, then night pruritus will appear. The same studies have linked the problem to diurnal changes in skin physiology.

Remedies

These are the most common remedies for night pruritus:

• Avoid hot showers in order to prevent skin dryness
• Use natural moisturizers on your skin. Low pH products are recommended because they keep the skin pH balanced
• Take oatmeal baths to reduce the skin irritation
• Use high SPF sunblock when going outside
• Avoid scratching as it can lead to bacterial infection
• Use cider vinegar (antiseptic and anti-fungal properties)
• Cold compresses can reduce irritation
• Oral anti-histamines can help with allergies
• Anti-inflammatory drugs can help with additional symptoms (inflammation)
• Sleeping pills can help in severe cases, disrupting natural sleep
• Nitrazepam reduces the need to scratch and improves sleep
• Mirtazapine is recommended for chronic pruritus
• Topical calcineurin inhibitors – tacrolimus and pimecrolimus
• Bright light therapy and melatonin supplements – these are used to treat disorders to circadian rhythm, also helping with night pruritus
• Topical corticosteroids for more severe cases

Prevention

In some cases, night pruritus can be prevented. These are the most common methods of prevention:

• Taking cold to slightly warm showers. These will cool and the skin and decrease its sensitivity
• Avoid warm and dry climates or environments
• Wear only clothes that are made from cotton and they are comfortable. Tight, synthetic materials can prevent the skin from breathing and they surely lead to night itching
• Avoid over-exposure to sun and wind, as these can lead to the skin becoming dried and cracked
• Use cosmetics and other skin care products that are made only from natural ingredients. Synthetic ingredients can irritate the skin severely and they can lead to night itching as well

The taste buds present on our tongues are extremely important, as they allow us to explore one of our most essential senses: taste. Between 2000 and 8000 taste buds are present not just on the tongue but also on the surrounding tissues (epiglottis, esophagus, soft palate) and they allow for the experience of four amazing tastes: bitter, salty, sweet and sour. The tip of the tongue is responsible for the sweet taste recognition, the back for the bitter taste and the lateral sides for the sour and salty tastes.

It is important to understand that taste buds can swell and that inflammation can make tasting difficult. An inflamed taste bud can also complicate and necessitate medical attention. These tiny taste receptors are very sensitive to irritating foods and the inflammation can worsen if the proper treatment is not received. Keep in mind that a healthy tongue is pink and not swollen or painful. The numerous taste buds that are present on it swell only when there is an irritation or inflammation.

What does an inflamed taste bud look like?

Upon close analysis, you will notice red or white bumps dotting the entire surface of the tongue. These are inflamed taste buds that have swollen besides their natural dimension and now, when they are enlarged, they are also painful and tender to the touch. All of the four types (foliate, valiate, fungiform and filliform) are red and swollen, causing the tongue to have a specific dotted appearance.

Symptoms of Inflamed taste bud

These are the most common symptoms of inflamed taste bud condition:

• Swollen or enlarged red and white bumps on the surface of the tongue
• Single, painful and enlarged bump on the tip of the tongue
• Pustules resembling inflamed taste buds on the lateral sides of the tongue
• Pain
• Tenderness
• Redness
• Burning
• Tingling

Causes

These are the main causes that can cause taste buds to become swollen and enlarged:

• Spicy foods – these can irritate the surface of the tongue, causing the inflammation of taste buds
• Hot drinks – taste buds are very sensitive when it comes to extreme temperatures (especially those that are high)
• Smoking – tobacco smoke has a negative effect on the sensitive taste buds
• Alcohol – as alcohol has many degrees, it can irritate the surface of the tongue and cause it to become inflamed. This is especially valid if the alcohol consumption is regular and in high quantities
• Food allergies – the taste buds on the tongue will feel that you are eating something you are allergic to and they will trigger an immune response. In more serious situations, one might actually enter into anaphylactic shock, needing emergency treatment (epinephrine or adrenaline injection)
• Acidic foods – these can modify the pH balance in your mouth and thus irritate the taste buds. Citric fruits, seafood and different types of sauces used in Asiatic cuisine can lead to such kinds of irritation of the taste buds
• Canker sores – it is a well known fact that anyone who has canker sores presents an increased risk for other problems in the area, including taste buds inflammation. In many cases, the common problem is a yeast infection
• Vitamin deficiency – if you lack the vitamin B, C or folic acid in your body, then you stand a very good chance to have problems in the oral area, including taste buds inflammation
• Medication – the taste buds are inflamed as a response reaction of the immune system to you taking different drugs. Keep in mind that there are many drugs that can have such side-effects, so be sure to check the label
• Trauma – injuries, lacerations, burns or cuts in the tongue area can also cause the taste buds to become inflamed. As a matter of fact, this is a natural response during the initial trauma phase. The swelling will subside as the lesions heal
• Oral surgery – if you are going to have a laryngectomy performed, then one of the consequences of that procedure is going to be inflamed taste buds
• Chemotherapy and radiotherapy for cancer
• Invasive carcinomas
• Exposure to pesticides and other harmful, chemical substances
• Mouthwash containing harmful, highly powerful ingredients
• Dentures that are not correctly fixed
• Excessive brushing of the tongue

Treatment

These are the most common courses of treatment for inflamed taste buds:

• Gargling with warm, salt water, several times a day. This will help reduce the actual inflammation of the taste buds
• Chew ice chips or apply ice on the tongue for short periods of time. When inflammation is present in our bodies, it is because of the increased blood flow to the area. If you want to reduce inflammation, then ice is more than recommended, as it will decrease the blood flow. Just don’t leave it on for too long or you will have other kinds of circulation problems
• Baking soda is recommended to reduce the inflammation as well
• Honey is indicated because of its anti-bacterial properties
• Fresh ginger, pepper and garlic have anti-septic and anti-bacterial properties, so do not hesitate to consume them separate or mixed, as a decoction
• Glycerin is the best in case of taste bud inflammation due to trauma (lacerations, burns or cuts) but it is also indicated when the inflammation is accompanied by the burning or tingling sensation
• Tea tree oil has anti-inflammatory properties
• Anti-bacterial medication in case of bacterial infections
• Anti-viral medication in case of viral infections
• Anti-fungal medication in case of fungal infections
• Vitamin supplements can solve vitamin deficiencies
• Corticosteroids can be recommended in case of canker sores but the treatment cannot be taken for prolonged periods of time, as there can be serious side-effects
• Anti-inflammatory drugs are recommended when the inflamed taste buds start to resemble pustules (eruptive form), helping not only with the inflammation but also with other symptoms

How to heal an inflamed taste bud?

As you have seen for yourself, there are medical treatments available for the underlying conditions that can lead to the appearance of taste bud inflammation. You need to understand that, until you take the necessary treatment for the underlying condition, you cannot hope for the inflammation on the tongue to subside. So, in case of an infection, you need to take the proper medication. If there is a vitamin deficiency, you need to take vitamin supplements. If there are canker sores, then you need to consider corticosteroids.

Apart from treating the underlying condition, you have a wide range of home remedies that can help with the actual symptoms. Some of them are destined to reduce the inflammation while others are more recommended because of their properties, anti-bacterial or anti-septic. Moreover, if you eat healthy and include plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables into your diet, then the healing process is going to take considerably less. You have to learn to stay away from foods that are bad for you, causing allergies or indigestion, affecting the taste buds as well. The same goes for drinking alcohol in large quantities, smoking and not drinking enough water.

How long does an inflamed taste bud last?

With the proper treatment and self-care measures, this condition will go away before you even imagine it. The one thing that you have to understand is that, in case of an infection, the inflamed taste buds will stay for as long as you have the infection. Once you take the proper treatment for the infection, you can hope for the other symptoms, taste bud inflammation included, to go away. This is why it is extremely important to take your medication and cure the infection.

On the other hand, continuing to eat foods that are bad for you, drinking alcohol and smoking can prolong the healing period of taste bud inflammation. As a matter of fact, this condition might worsen, if you do not start taking the necessary precautions. The same goes for using mouthwash, choosing hot drinks and not maintaining a good oral hygiene. You need to learn how to take proper care of your body and then you will be cured of taste bud inflammation as well. Visit the dentist to fix your dentures, protect yourself from toxic substances and avoid mouth traumas. Keep in mind that prevention is always the best treatment.

Pictures

Some of the collection of pictures of inflamed taste buds…

The sternum is also known as the breast or chest bone, being located in the central part of the chest. The main purpose of the sternum are to protect the vital organs behind it (meaning the heart and airways) and also to connect to the ribs through the rib cartilage, thus forming the rib cage. Sternum pain and be acute or chronic and, depending on its intensity, frequency and duration, it might require you to visit a specialized doctor.

There are many medical conditions that can lead to the appearance of sternum pain but the most important thing is not to confuse it with chest pain. The sternum pain is coming from the bone or joints but not from the circulatory system, as it happens with chest pains. Often times, the sternum pain appears after an injury and it can be quite sharp or intense, the pressure applied on the bone only making it worse. Plus, it might be accompanies by certain sounds. Let’s find out more information about the symptoms of sternum pain.

Symptoms of Sternum Pain

Depending on the underlying medical condition, these are the most often encountered symptoms in cases of sternum pain:

• Extremely intense pain in case of fracture of the sternum (a sternum that is broken into several pieces can be very painful)
• Pain radiating to the sternum in case of trauma to the collarbone (these are severe fractures affecting all of the surrounding area)
• Mild or severe pain can appear in case of dislocated sternoclavicular joints through various injuries
• Tenderness, pain aggravated by movement and breathing (the pain subsides when there is no movement) appear in case of inflamed sternums
• A burning chest pain, radiating to the sternum appears in the situation of heartburn. This pain will appear after a meal or at night, being made worse by bending or laying down
• Tenderness, pain aggravated by movement and made worse by coughing and deep breathing appear in the situation of costochondritis. Basically, the joint between the upper rib and cartilage is inflamed, leading to sternum pain as well
• Pain aggravated by breathing, dry coughing, shortness of breath, chills, fever and appetite loss appear in the case of pleura inflammation. The pleura lines the inner walls of the chest, being inflamed in several respiratory conditions

Causes of Sternum Pain

As you have probably seen above, there are several medical conditions in which sternum pain can appear:

Musculoskeletal causes

• Sternum fractures
• Collarbone trauma
• Injury to the sternoclavicular joints, with additional dislocation
• Sternum inflammation
• Costochondritis
• Muscle tears

Respiratory causes

• Pleurisy
• Asthma
• Bronchitis
• COPD
• Tuberculosis
• Pneumonia

Abdominal and gastrointestinal causes

• GERD
• Heartburn
• Pancreatitis
• Peptic ulcers

Cardiovascular causes

• Heart valve disease
• Cardiomyopathy
• Coronary artery disease
• Myocarditis
• Pericarditis
• Aortic dissection

Other causes, such as

• Rib injury
• Breast cancer
• Bone cancer
• Chondrosarcoma
• Osteomyelitis
• Excessive effort
• Excessive training
• Anxiety attack

Treatment for Sternum pain

The treatment depends on the underlying condition. These are the most common courses of treatment:

• Analgesics and anti-inflammatory medication can help with pain or inflammation.
• Intercostal nerve blocks are recommended in more severe cases of costochondritis, as a local anesthetic will be injected around the painful area, in order to block the intercostal nerve responsible for the pain.
• Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
• Acupuncture
• For digestive causes – medication for heartburn or GERD
• Breathing therapy and psychological counseling for anxiety attack
• Surgical intervention for muscle tears
• Physical therapy for musculoskeletal problems
  • Flexibility training
  • Weight training
  • Mobility training
• Massage for tissue mobility after traumas or fractures
• Ultrasound therapy for the reduction of muscle spasms
• Antibiotics for respiratory conditions, such as pneumonia or pleurisy
• Immobilization in case of sternoclavicular joints dislocation
• Surgery in case of collarbone fractures
• Cortisone injections in case of severe cases of sternum inflammation
• Anti-allergy medication, broncho-dilators and inhalers for asthma
• Specific medication for cardiac problems, such as beta-blockers and cardiac surgery in case of emergency situations, such as aortic dissection
• Chemotherapy and radiotherapy in case of bone cancer
• Surgery, followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy in case of breast cancer

How to relieve sternum pain

These are the most common measures you can benefit from in order to relieve sternum pain:

• Warm applications for pain
• Ice applications for inflammation
• Stretching exercises for muscle contractions and spasms
• Avoiding over-straining physical activity and, if you do exercise, make sure to get plenty of rest afterward, allowing the body to recover.
• Quitting smoking can improve respiratory conditions and thus sternum pain
• Adopting a good posture can prevent sternum pain. Keeping the shoulders forward and the back in a slouch position will lead to the joints between the ribs and the sternum to become stiff and thus painful.
• A lymphatic drainage massage can be especially helpful after breast cancer surgery, as it can help drain the excess lymph gathered in the recently operated area.
• Avoid drinking alcohol and eating foods that are too spicy or too greasy, as these can cause heartburn and GERD.
• Avoid drinking coffee in large quantities, especially if you do not drink enough water (coffee leads to dehydration and it can worsen sternum pain) or if you are an anxious person.

As you can see for yourself, the condition in which sternum pain appears are extremely diverse and, if you want to get rid of this upsetting symptom, you have to treat the underlying condition first. Just make sure to remember how important physical therapy actually is and how much it can help you on the long run. This is especially valid for sternum pain caused by musculoskeletal causes but it can also be useful for other situations, as it will increase mobility, allowing you to become more flexible. There is no better prevention for sternum pain than physical therapy.

What is Stucco Keratosis?

This is a skin disorder that has been first described in 1965. The primary characteristic of stucco keratosis is the presence of keratotic papule, present in the lower extremities. The interesting thing about this condition is that it affects the male population in general, without having any hereditary transmission. The condition is asymptomatic and most of the times the patient will not even notice the lesions present on the skin. However, there are many cases where the lesions are numerous, ranging from as few as 7 to as many as 100.

Stucco keratosis is also known as keratosis alba and, in older males, it is more frequent at the level of the ankles. This condition is benign and it does not have any infectious factors associated with it, which makes it 100% non-contagious.

What are the Symptoms of Stucco Keratosis?

These are the most common symptoms of stucco keratosis:

• Keratotic papule present on the distal lower acral extremities
• Lesions of different colors (gray white, pink, yellow)
• Minimal bleeding if the lesions are scraped
• The skin becomes thick and the lesions appear to be stuck on, hence the name stucco keratosis
• The skin has a riddled appearance
• Medium growth lesions can also appear (they resemble warts)
• Unique lesions are possible but usually the lesions are high in number and small in size

Causes of Stucco Keratosis

The exact cause that leads to the appearance of stucco keratosis has yet to be identified. However, it seems that a large percent of the male population diagnosed with this skin condition also presents an infection with the papilloma virus. Other incriminated factors in the appearance of stucco keratosis are:

• Prolonged and excessive sun exposure
• Aging
• Recent studies have also incriminated genetic mutations in the appearance of stucco keratosis

Diagnosis

These are the most common methods used to diagnose stucco keratosis:

• Histopathological examination – it will show the actual thickening of the skin, with the elongation of papillae and thickening of the corneum layer.
• Medical history – gender, age, lack of other symptoms.
• Clinical findings – lesion appearance and number, distribution (mainly on the lower part of the legs, ankles especially) and morphology (size, color etc.)
• Differential diagnosis – this can be made with seborrheic keratosis, acrokeratosis verruciformis or verrucae plana.

Treatment

The main purpose of the treatment is related to cosmetic reasons, but there are just as many cases in which the treatment will be imposed by the existence of symptomatic lesions, requiring removal. The main idea is to apply medical procedures such as curettage and local destruction, making sure that the lesions are completely removed.

These are the most common methods of treatment undertaken:

• Topical creams to suppress the immune system response (moderate success in research studies)
• Lesion scraping – the only downside to this procedure will be the minimal bleeding but this can be successfully handled by the patient
• Cryotherapy – applying cold temperatures to the site of the lesions is an effective treatment. The downside to cryotherapy, especially when applied on the lower parts of the legs, as it can cause ulcerations
• Electro-desiccation – this sounds a little bit scary but the procedure is actually simple. Basically, a needle-shaped electrode is used in order to dry the affected tissues with high-frequency electric current
• Retinoid drugs have also been chosen for the treatment of stucco keratosis. These are also used for the treatment of psoriasis and they should be taken only under the attentive supervision of a doctor. Taken for prolonged periods of time, they can have serious side-effects on your health
• In some cases, the lesions do not require any specific treatment
• UV protection is a very important thing to take into consideration. Patients are advised to wear sunblock with high SPF factors and wear clothing that covers the skin as much as possible
• Urea containing emollients and creams have also helped with the stucco keratosis lesions. The lesions soften with the application of these creams but they do not disappear completely

As you have seen for yourself, there are several methods of treatment for stucco keratosis, each presenting its own set of advantages and disadvantages. If you have been diagnosed with this skin condition, then you should not delay seeking specialized medication attention, even if the lesions present on your skin are asymptomatic. Also, it might be useful to get tested for the presence of papilloma virus, as this is often encountered in patients with stucco keratosis. The reason why you need to determine whether you have this virus or not has to do with the actual treatment that might be recommended. Aside from that, there are certain cautionary measures, such as using sunblock with high SPF factor that you have to take into consideration.

Stucco Keratosis Pictures

Here are some of the pictures of Stucco Keratosis…

Coughing after eating is never a comfortable thing to experience but it can occasionally happen. However, if it happens on a regular basis and it has already started to upset you, then it might be for the best to seek out medical attention.

Why do we cough after eating?

The mechanism is simple. The throat or the airways are suddenly irritated and cough appears as the expelling mechanism. Sometimes, it might be a reflexive action, having as underlying condition nervous or digestive disorders. In many situations, coughing appears just after we have eaten ice cream or when we drink cold beverages. The cause is extremely important in this situation, as it can impose a certain course of treatment to follow. You have to understand that there are even certain types of foods that can irritate your throat, leading to coughing.

Possible Causes

Coughing after eating

These are the most common possible causes incriminated in the appearance of coughing after eating:

• Food allergies – the list of foods that can irritate the throat and the airways is extremely long but common culprits are certain fruits (apples, peaches, citrus fruits and berries), vegetables (celery) and, of course, foods that are spicy, greasy or cold (ice cream). What happens is that the body does not like extremes and an immune response reaction will be triggered, with coughing appearing besides throat tightening and irritation
• Infection – coughing after eating and choking can appear in situations of esophagus or larynx infections
• Gastrointestinal reflux – coughing is accompanied by heartburn, indigestion and a bad mouth taste
• Dysphagia – having a hard time swallowing can increase the bouts of coughing
• Asthma – in case of asthma attacks, with inflamed airways, coughing appears after eating, being most often causes by irritating foods
• Aspiration pneumonia – this is a fatal condition, in which food is aspired into the lungs

Treatment

First of all, the treatment depends very much on the reason why coughing appears after eating. These are the most common courses of treatment taken:

• Anti-bacterial medication – it can solve the infection found in the esophagus or larynx.
• Specific medication for GERD – anti-acids, H2 receptor blockers, proton pump inhibitors.
• For asthma – broncho-dilators, inhalers, beta antagonists.
• In case of aspiration pneumonia – antibiotics to solve the infection in the lungs, alternative feeding methods in case of recurrent conditions.
• In case of dysphagia – occupational therapy to discover the best feeding technique.

Prevention

Coughing after eating can be prevented if you follow the next recommendations:

• In case of allergies, avoid eating the foods that trigger the cough. Among the most common triggers, you will find any of the following: soy, eggs, peanuts, tree nuts, shellfish, other types of fish, wheat based products, cow milk.
• Eat your food without hurry, make sure that you chew it properly before swallowing and take your time before the next bite.
• Keep a healthy diet, based on fresh fruits and vegetables. Avoid foods that give you acid reflux or heartburn. Spicy or greasy foods should not be found in your diet, as they can lead to triggering boughs of coughing and, of course, to indigestion.
• Use vaporizers in order to inhale steam. This will help you feel better, as the steam calms inflamed and irritated airways.
• Use a humidifier to moist the air in your room. Sometimes, when the air is too dry, coughing becomes even worse.
• Hydrate properly. Drink plenty of water in order to keep your throat moist and make sure that you will also drink warm liquids, including tea with lemon and honey.
• Get proper rest. Coughing after eating can be very distressing on the body. If you sleep and rest, then you will be able to recover more easily.
• Avoid smoking. This is perhaps one of the most obvious rules but it will be explained anyway. The moment you smoke, the protective lining of your throat is destroyed and the mucus is moved out of the lungs, up into the airways and throat. This will cause boughs of coughing, without any doubt.

As you have seen for yourself, in order to escape coughing after eating, you have to address the underlying condition and make sure that is treated first. However, you should not fail to see the importance of prevention methods for this condition. Changing some of your habits might guarantee that you are healthy and fit, thus being protected against a wide range of medical problems, not just coughing after eating. As always, eating healthy, drinking plenty of water and quitting nasty habits such as smoking can make all the difference in the world. You just have to apply yourself and start making those important changes as of today.

What does a swollen uvula mean?

The uvula is that small structure hanging in the back of your throat, being actually an extension of your soft palate. This structure is composed out of glandular and muscular tissue, being highly vascularized. This blend between soft connective tissue and epithelial layers has the function of keeping microorganisms from entering further down the body and especially into the digestive tract. It also has an important role in speech and it is capable of producing saliva. In fact, the uvula is responsible for the snoring sounds a person makes during sleeping.

As the functions of the uvula are pretty important, it is not recommended for it to be removed, unless there is a severe infection of cancer involved. The swelling of the uvula is also known as uvulitis and it is not a common condition. Swollen uvulas are encountered equally in children and adults, being encountered along side the swelling of adjacent tissues. In fact, it is extremely rare when one has only the uvula swollen, without any of the around tissues or structured being affected.

Symptoms of Swollen Uvula

These are the most common symptoms of a swollen uvula:

• Red and swollen uvula
• Swelling of surrounding tissues and structures
• Pain
• Gagging
• Drooling
• Fever
• Snoring
• In more severe cases, one can also encounter the following symptoms:
  • Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
  • Difficulty breathing
  • Difficulty talking
  • Chocking
  • Sleep apnea
  • Nasal regurgitation

What does a swollen uvula look like?

Looking in the mirror, you will be to see that the uvula is red and swollen, sometimes reaching as far as the tongue. In many situations, you will notice that your tonsils are swollen as well.

Causes

These are the most common causes of swollen uvula:

• Infection – bacterial (strep throat, tonsillitis, mononucleosis) or viral (influenza)
• Trauma to the throat
• In children, acute pharyngitis can cause the uvula to become swollen
• Dryness – this is a direct result of dehydration or it is present in persons who sleep with their mouth open (because of large adenoids)
• Alcohol excess
• Canker sores
• Allergic reactions
• Hereditary angioneurotic edema – this condition appears because of a genetic mutation and it causes different parts of the body, including the uvula, to swell
• Eating hot foods can damage the uvula, causing it to become swollen
• Medical procedures, such as intubation
• Genetic conditions, such as the cleft lip or palate – in many cases the uvula is missing but there just as many cases where the uvula is longer than usual, thus having more chances of becoming hurt and swollen.

Treatment for Swollen Uvula

The treatment depends on the actual cause that has led to the swollen uvula in the first place. These are the most common courses of treatment:

• Anti-bacterial medication for bacterial infection – broad spectrum antibiotics. Antibiotics should be taken for the entire period of time that is recommended by the doctor, otherwise the bacteria will develop resistance to the antibiotic in question
• Anti-viral medication for viral infections
• Corticosteroids are given especially in the situation of allergic reactions. They can help reduce the inflammation but also help with other symptoms, including redness and pain
• Anti-allergy pills – antihistamines are recommended for allergic patients
• Surgical removal is recommended only in situations of cancer or extremely severe infections
• Natural remedies are also recommended:
  • Gargling with warm, salty water
  • Ice cubes chewing
  • Turmeric and ginger decoction – anti-septic and anti-bacterial properties
  • Honey – anti-bacterial properties
  • Eucalyptus
  • Herbal tea (ginger, basil leaves, cloves, black pepper
  • Natural herbs – licorice and neem have anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties
  • Garlic cloves chewing – anti-bacterial properties, plus it reduces upsetting symptoms such as irritation and pain
• Proper hydration (at least two liters of water per day). Natural and fresh orange juice can also help you keep hydrated. Warm tea is especially recommended during the cold season. However, you should avoid hot drinks, as they can damage both the uvula and the surrounding tissues, causing them to become swollen
• Avoid drinking alcohol, as it can lead to severe dehydration
• Vitamin C supplements can help the immune system to become stronger
• Fresh fruits and vegetables in the diet
• Use a vaporizer to moisten your throat, especially during the cold season
• Use a humidifier during sleeping at night. This is especially useful if you sleep with your mouth open, as it will prevent the uvula and surrounding tissues from getting dry and swollen
• Change your sleeping position so that you do not sleep with your mouth open and your head rests comfortably on the pillow, in a position that is anatomically correct
• In case of severe allergic reactions, you might need to get a shot of epinephrine or adrenaline to prevent life-threatening symptoms
• Avoid drinking fizzy drinks and eating salty foods at these can irritate the structures in your throat, uvula included, pretty easily
• Avoid straining your voice, as these can cause the throat tissues to dry and become swollen, uvula included

As you can see for yourself, there are certain medical treatments that can help in cases of swollen uvula, some of them having the purpose to solve a bacterial or viral infection in the body. In the situation when the uvula is swollen because of an allergic reaction, it might be necessary to take anti-allergy medication or even an adrenaline injection to prevent anaphylactic shock.

However, there are many more self care measures that will help you deal with swollen uvula. You have understood by now that drinking plenty of water is a must and so is refraining from beverages that might make you dehydrated. Make sure to take into account all the advice you have received under the treatment chapter and soon you will have a healthy uvula. Some of these measures are strictly related to you making a change, so you have to do it, one step at a time.

Pictures

Collection of images, photos and pictures of swollen uvula…

The skin on the inner thighs is extremely sensitive, as this is one area where a lot of friction happens. Moreover, this area is almost always moist and warm, especially in people who are overweight. There are many conditions that can lead to the appearance of bumps on the inner thigh. Some of them are not severe and they might even go away on their own, requiring very little or no medical attention. Others, however, are quite severe and might require medical intervention and treatment.

Do not think that the appearance of bumps on inner thigh is a matter of no importance. If left untreated, serious cases can become even more complicated, requiring thus even more complex medical treatments. This will only be detrimental to your health on the long run. Instead, you might want to visit a specialized doctor and together, ascertain both the causes and the necessary treatments for the bumps on inner thigh. Keep in mind that the doctor might ask you when the bumps have appeared for the first time.

Causes of Bumps on Inner Thigh

These are the most common causes that lead to the appearance of bumps on inner thigh:

Hidradenitis suppurativa

This is a skin disorder in which blackheads, red bumps and other breakouts appear on the skin, including on the inner thighs, due to excessive sweating. The lesions often break and you will see that a foul smelling liquid will ooze from them. Such a lesion is the perfect site for a bacterial infection, as the excess sebum mixed together with dead skin cells can get easily infected.

Folliculitis

This is a bacterial infection that clogs the hair follicle and it can also be present on the inner thighs. Often times, the bacteria leads to the appearance of boils that are both painful and itchy.

Abscess

This is one of the most serious bacterial infections and the lesions are often accompanied by upsetting symptoms, including pain, redness, heat and swelling. Abscesses present on the inner thighs are large in size and they can also be associated with cysts and even gangrene.

Viral infections

In children, warts are often encountered on different parts of the body, including the inner thighs and they are more frequent than in adults. However, in adults, the warts are present high on the inner high, being a sign of a genital infection. The skin in that area is dry and scaly and the lesions can be swollen and painful to the touch.

Molluscum contagiosum

This is also a viral infection but the lesions produced by this virus are different than other types of viruses: their color resembles the one of the skin and they have a dimple on top.

Sexually transmitted diseases

There are two types of diseases that can lead to the appearance of bumps on the inner thighs and both of them are extremely painful. The lesions appear high on the thigh and near the genital area, being often presented as blisters.

• Herpes – apart from the skin lesions, there are other symptoms such as fever, headaches, fatigue and muscle pain patients will experience
• Syphilis – the skin lesions (blisters and extended rash) are accompanied by muscle pain, headaches, fever and chills

Cancer

If the bumps present on the inner thighs are under the skin, then it might be a good idea to see an oncologist.

Trauma

In case of injuries or traumas, the bumps should shrink or disappear in a few days.

Contact dermatitis

If the skin touches harmful or chemical, irritating substances.

Treatment for Bumps on inner thigh

These are the most common courses of treatment undertaken for bumps present on the inner thighs, depending on the underlying pathology:

For hidradenitis suppurativa – all of the measures presented below will help the bumps on the inner thighs heal faster:

• Improved body hygiene
• Anti-bacterial soaps
• Clothing made from cotton, comfortable
• Weight loss
• Quit smoking

Treatment for other conditions:

• Contact dermatitis – anti-histamines and corticosteroids
• Bacterial infection – antibiotics
• Warm compresses and elevated legs for swelling and pain
• Viral infections – anti-viral medication, topical and orally administered
• Warts – cryotherapy, liquid nitrogen and topical creams
• Tumor – immediate removal, before it comes into contact with blood vessels or bone

Pictures of Bumps on Inner Thigh

Collection of images, photos and pictures of bumps on the inner thigh…

Natural remedies

• Tea tree oil – anti-septic, anti-bacterial and anti-fungal properties
• Turmeric – anti-septic, anti-inflammatory properties
• Onion – anti-septic, promotes eruption in case of boils present on inner thighs
• Neem – anti-septic, anti-bacterial properties
• Epsom salt – speeds the drainage of the boils present on the inner thighs

As you have seen for yourself, when it comes to treating bumps present on the inner surface of your thighs, you have both different types of medication available and also plenty of natural remedies to choose from.

What does a puffy face mean?

Every one has a puffy face, at least once in their lives. However, if you develop this frequently, then perhaps it might be a good idea to seek out medical attention, as there might be an underlying condition. The buildup of fluid in the facial tissues can sometimes be hard to identify but the presence of additional symptoms, including pain, might help with the diagnosis. You will have to keep track of how long the episode has lasted and if there were things that made it worse or, why not, better.

There are many things that can lead to the appearance of facial edema, as puffy face is also known. Sometimes, it can be just the pressure applied on part of your face during sleeping. Or, it can be the direct result of a face injury. The important thing is that you should not let such things go by and seek treatment. You need to solve any underlying pathology and then you will look fantastic, not sleepy, tired or sick.

Symptoms

The symptoms of puffy face can range from mild to severe, including any of the following:

• Facial edema
• Pain
• Redness – this can be generalized or localized, affecting the eyes, nose, upper or lower face
• Hives
• Rashes
• Bumps and other similar lesions
• In severe cases, the puffy face is accompanied by the swelling of the throat and tongue, swallowing and breathing being prevented. This is a serious emergency, as anaphylactic shock can be life-threatening.

Causes of Puffy face

Puffy face

These are the main causes that can lead to the appearance of puffy face:

• Dehydration – not drinking enough water will cause the tissues in your face to become swollen
• Fatty foods can lead to a puffy face
• High coffee intake is also guilty, as it can leave the body (the face included) dehydrated
• Vitamin C deficiency
• Alcohol consumption
• Kidney disease, including renal failure. When the kidneys do not function properly, water tends to build up in the tissues, including the face but also in hands and feet
• Hypothyroidism – as the levels of thyroid hormones are too low, one will notice a wide range of symptoms, including puffy face, dry skin, weight gain and heart rhythm changes
• Cushing’s syndrome – your face will become puffy and in the shape of a full moon. This happens because of metabolic changes and high levels of cortisone in the body
• Sinus infections
• Allergic responses to medication, foods or insect bites
• Mumps
• Dental infections
• Parotiditis (inflammation of the parotid glands)
• Angioedema

Remedies

These are the most common remedies and measures you can take in order to help with the puffy face:

• Change your diet. Drink plenty of water to keep the body hydrated, the face included. Eliminate salt from your diet, as this can attract water to the tissues, causing puffiness to appear. This is especially important if you are also suffering from renal disease
• Stop drinking alcohol, as this can cause severe dehydration and, clearly, a puffy face won’t be the only problem you will have to handle
• Eat healthy, with plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables in the menu
• Be active. If you exercise, then you will keep the tissue in your body healthy and you will help the lymph to properly circulate, reducing the localized and general edema that might appear
• Try natural home remedies. You can apply cold compresses on the puffy face, use green tea bags or cucumber slices for puffiness around the eyes and wash your face with cold water. Use special creams with natural ingredients and mild soaps on your face
• Ice cubes applications are recommended as well, as they lead to the constriction of blood vessels and the reduction of face puffiness
• Use water-filled or gel masks that can be refrigerated
• Improving your sleeping position will cause the puffy face to disappear
• Antibiotics are recommended for anti-bacterial infections
• Anti-viral medication is indicated for viral infections
• Corticosteroids are recommended in case of allergic reactions, no matter if these were caused by allergies to foods or medication, insect bites or other things like that (hay fever included)
• Topical creams are recommended for cases of conjunctivitis

What foods cause puffy face?

These are the most common foods and beverages that can lead to facial swelling:

• Salty foods, including snacks, instant soups, sauces and canned vegetables
• Fatty and greasy foods
• Foods that contain carbohydrates (white rice, pasta, potatoes)
• Any food that contains monosodium glutamate (MSG)
• Allergenic foods: cow’s milk, eggs, peanuts, fish, shellfish, cashews, walnuts, wheat based products, soy
• Artificial sweeteners (containing sugar alcohol)
• Junk food
• Dairy products
• Fizzy drinks
• Coffee and caffeine-based drinks
• Alcohol

Prevention

These are the best methods you can prevent yourself from waking up with a puffy face in the morning:

• Drink a tall glass of water before you go to sleep. This will keep the body hydrated during the night and it will reduce the water retention in facial tissues
• Take your makeup off before going to sleep. Yes, it may be late and you might want to go to sleep right away but then you will wake up in the morning to a puffy face. Use natural-based products in order to eliminate the makeup and you will look all fresh and rested the next morning
• Stop drinking coffee at every hour of the day. Large caffeine intake, as well as the one of alcoholic beverages will have its say on your face
• Sleep at least eight hours a night. As we all live busy and stressful lives, we might be tempted to cut sleep for other things. It’s not worth it and your puffy face will be a clear sign of that. Choose sleep over anything else
• Watch the salt intake in your diet. There are many foods that contain salt and we are not even aware of that. Check the label first

The skin on our feet is under a great deal of pressure, as we spend a lot of time with our shoes on, with socks that are not always made from natural fabrics and we walk a lot. These are just few of the factors that make the skin on our feet susceptible to a wide range of medical problems, with itchiness being the main symptom. Just imagine the temperature our feet support while wearing socks and shoes. Plus, the weight of the entire body is supported by the feet and this is even more disturbing the more weight we gain.

Because of all this physical stress, the skin can become dry, irritated and cracked. These are common factors that can lead to the appearance of itchy bumps on feet but surely these are not the only ones. As a matter of fact, the skin is pretty vulnerable to different types of infections, including bacterial and viral. Moreover, the biggest tendency is to scratch these itchy bumps and even though this brings temporary relief, one will also notice that the matters are made worse. In fact, scratching will surely cause the itchy bumps to be infected with different types of bacteria.

Causes of Itchy bumps on feet

These are the main causes that lead to the appearance of itchy bumps on feet:

Insect bites

Mosquitoes, fleas, ticks and bed bugs can lead the appearance of red and itchy bumps on the skin.

Corns and calluses

As the skin becomes more thick and dry with the passing of time, itchiness can be one of the most upsetting symptoms and, as it was already mentioned, only scratching can bring temporary relief.

Scabies

Itchy bumps appear due to the infection with the Sarcoptes Scabiei mite. If you happen to be diagnosed with scabies, then you should be extra careful as this is a highly contagious disease and you could easily pass it on to others.

Warts

This is a viral infection and it will be accompanies by itchiness in some cases.

Molluscum contagiosum

This is also a viral infection and the bumps on the skin are really itchy.

Fungal infections

• Athlete’s foot – even though this fungal infection is often presented as a widespread rash, it can also have red, inflamed blisters that can itch quite a lot. Avoid to scratch and open the blisters, as this will only cause further irritation and itchiness
• Eczema – similar to athlete’s foot, this rash can be accompanied by itchy bumps on feet. It is caused by excessive sweating or low humidity
• Dyshidrotic eczema – lesions appear on the tips or sides of toes and fingers, being accompanied by itchiness
• Atopic dermatitis – itchy red bumps on the skin are seen especially in infants and small children
  Contact dermatitis – itchy bumps on the skin appear after contact with harmful, irritating agents in ointments, creams, perfumes or other skin care products

Treatments for Itchy bumps on feet

The treatment depends on the underlying condition that has led the itchy red bumps to appear on the feet in the first place. These are the most common courses of treatment:

• Calming lotions with menthol and camphor can be used in order to soothe the skin after insect bites. Washing the skin with anti-bacterial soap and refraining from scratching might help to avoid secondary bacterial infections
• Laser therapy for the removal of corns and calluses
• Treatment for scabies – Permethrin, Ivermectin and other topical medication
• Warts – topical cream, liquid nitrogen and cryotherapy for wart removal
• Anti-viral medication for molluscum contagiosum
• Anti-fungal medication for fungal infections, including athlete’s foot. Topical medication, such as creams guarantee the best healing. However, proper hygiene should be maintained to avoid the fungus from returning to the site of infection. The medication will help not only with the itching and the inflammation
• For eczema – topical skin creams are recommended in order to keep the skin moist and they also have the benefit they maintain a normal skin pH. Corticosteroids are recommended in more serious cases
• Atopic dermatitis – topical creams can help but often times all it takes is to eliminate the irritating agent
  Contact dermatitis – oral and topical corticosteroids are recommended and also the doctor might indicate menthol based lotions in order to soothe the skin

As you have seen for yourself, when it comes to treating itchy bumps on the feet, it is important to treat the underlying pathology first. The best way is to take the medication for the underlying condition and use topical treatments to deal with upsetting symptoms, itchiness included. There are many creams, ointments and gets available, some of them being recommended in case of inflammation, dry or cracked skin.

Pictures of Itchy bumps on feet

Here are some of the pictures collection of itchy bumps on feet, ankles, legs, arms…

Acne around the mouth can be upsetting, especially since in most cases the skin on the rest of the face is clear. However, these persistent pimples around the mouth have clear causes, including the over-use of lip balm and other oral care products. The good news is that this is a skin condition that is 100% preventable, as long as you avoid certain products, including the fruity lip balms, for example.

Having breakouts around your mouth is unpleasant to say the least. Pimples are annoying wherever they appear but these, in the mouth area, are particularly challenging. The skin in this area is extremely sensitive and the presence of acne around mouth will impose a clear change of your daily cleansing ritual. Plus, you have to avoid popping those pimples, as you will only increase the chances of infection and scars. It is better to use proper healing products and let them to disappear on their own. Otherwise, you will only have more pimples to deal with.

Symptoms of Acne around Mouth

These are the most common symptoms of acne around mouth:

• Whiteheads – these appear when the skin pore is closed (plugged)
• Blackheads – these appear when the skin pore is partially open. The black tip is given by the excess sebum that has come into contact with the air, thus turning black
• Small and tender red bumps or papules
• Generalized skin inflammation or localized red patches on the skin
• Oily skin – this is also known as seborrhea and it appears because of the increased sebum production (often because of hormonal changes)
• Scarring – as it was already mentioned, popping pimples can lead to scars, as the skin is broken and it will repair itself in the wrong manner

What are the Causes of Acne around Mouth?

These are the most common causes that can lead to the appearance of acne around mouth:

• Extended and excessive use of lip balm – these contain a lot of irritating substances and, on the plus side, they also clog the pores around the mouth, making the area just prepared for acne
• Toothpaste can contain a substance that favors the appearance of breakouts around mouth. This substance is known as sodium lauryl sulfate and it is a sudsing agent. What happens is that it enters the tiny cracks in the skin and, together with the increased sebum, it can clog the pores and lead to pimples
• Constant, increased stress and hormonal changes can cause breakouts around the mouth as well
• If the breakouts extend to the chin, then most likely there are toxins that have accumulated into your body or you need more fibers into your diet (your small intestine suffers)
• Digestive system inflammation and food allergies or intolerance can lead to acne in that area
• Stomach hypo-activity with reduced production of hydrochloric acid
• Under-active liver function
• Overuse of face creams and other skin care products that are highly occlusive. Avoid products that contain petroleum and thick wax
• Constant exposure to sun, heat and wind is a favoring factor and a cause of acne around the mouth

Treatment

When it comes to treating acne around the mouth, it is enough to stop using certain irritating products and change your daily habits for the acne to clear on its own. These are the most common measures you can take:

• Replace your fruity, chocolaty or brightly colored synthetic lip balm with one that contains natural ingredients
• During the cold or windy season, do not let your lips become cracked and use a special balm for such situations, with natural ingredients as well
• Use a toothpaste that is made from natural ingredients. You will see that each toothpaste has a small square on the bottom, the square being green for the natural-based toothpaste
• Use a humidifier during the night, in order to keep the air in the room moist. Dry air can cause dry skin, contributing to the appearance of acne
• Use Aloe Vera gels, as these can help you reduce the irritation around the mouth
• Do not go to bed without cleaning your makeup. Throughout the night, the skin needs to breathe and if the pores are clogged with foundation, then you stand a very good chance to wake up and see pimples on your face, including around the mouth
• Use facial water that contains magnesium and selenium, as this can help calming the blemishes on the skin
• When cleaning your face, be sure to use a product that is not too powerful. Choose products that contain benzoyl peroxide or salicylic acid and make sure to apply it on pimples as well with the help of a cotton cue-tip
• Use a toning product in order to strengthen the pores
• Make sure that you keep your skin properly hydrated, by using an oil-free, natural moisturizer
• Take vitamin A derivatives in order to increase cell turn over and help the acne heal faster

Sometimes, it is not enough to take the measures above, as there is an underlying condition involved. In that situations, you need to address that problem through the following courses of treatment:

• Lifestyle changes and psychological counseling for stress
• Hormone therapy to address hormonal changes and possible imbalances
• Dietary changes (more fiber in the diet) and natural supplements in order to improve the functioning of the small intestine
• Oral medication for digestive system inflammation, including anti-acids
• Elimination of foods that cause allergies from the diet
• Oral medication to improve the activity of the stomach and stimulate the production of hydrochloric acid
• Natural supplements and oral medication to improve the oral functioning of the liver
• Topical creams for the protection of the skin against sun, heat and wind

When it comes to acne around the mouth, there is no guaranteed cure. Hopefully, by making a few changes to your lifestyle and treating any underlying condition, you will soon be able to forget about ever having acne.

Pictures of Acne around Mouth

Here are some of the collection of pictures of acne around mouth…